Control
Keep key material under your control.
Review
Treat signatures, approvals and transactions separately.
Verify
Use addresses, network context and transaction hashes for verification.
Understand key custody
When learning about Security, start with what actually changes on-chain rather than memorising where a button sits. For key custody, separate the wallet interface, the selected network and the action you personally approved. That model remains useful across devices and helps you verify outcomes with an explorer instead of relying on interface colour or status alone.
key custody usually spans three layers: account control on the user’s device, the rules of the selected network, and the state already recorded on-chain. A mismatch can appear as a missing balance, a pending transaction or an unexpected DApp request. Troubleshooting should rely on public information such as a transaction hash, network name and public address, never on a seed phrase or private key.
In day-to-day use, key custody is often missed because the next prompt looks familiar. A stronger habit is to separate each critical action into source, network, target and result checks. Transfers, signatures, approvals and contract calls should each be treated as a new decision; connecting a wallet is not a reason to trust every later request.
Practical check
Keep public verification data separate from sensitive control data: addresses, networks and transaction hashes can be used for checking, while seed phrases, private keys and verification codes should never be sent to another person.
Working with signature and approval risk
signature and approval risk usually spans three layers: account control on the user’s device, the rules of the selected network, and the state already recorded on-chain. A mismatch can appear as a missing balance, a pending transaction or an unexpected DApp request. Troubleshooting should rely on public information such as a transaction hash, network name and public address, never on a seed phrase or private key.
In day-to-day use, signature and approval risk is often missed because the next prompt looks familiar. A stronger habit is to separate each critical action into source, network, target and result checks. Transfers, signatures, approvals and contract calls should each be treated as a new decision; connecting a wallet is not a reason to trust every later request.
Security also connects to gas, confirmations, contract addresses, DApp permissions and device security. Keeping a record of public transaction hashes, checking the destination network and reviewing stale connections or approvals after use makes later verification easier and reduces dependence on memory.
Practical check
Keep public verification data separate from sensitive control data: addresses, networks and transaction hashes can be used for checking, while seed phrases, private keys and verification codes should never be sent to another person.
How to review device and network environment
In day-to-day use, device and network environment is often missed because the next prompt looks familiar. A stronger habit is to separate each critical action into source, network, target and result checks. Transfers, signatures, approvals and contract calls should each be treated as a new decision; connecting a wallet is not a reason to trust every later request.
Security also connects to gas, confirmations, contract addresses, DApp permissions and device security. Keeping a record of public transaction hashes, checking the destination network and reviewing stale connections or approvals after use makes later verification easier and reduces dependence on memory.
When learning about Security, start with what actually changes on-chain rather than memorising where a button sits. For device and network environment, separate the wallet interface, the selected network and the action you personally approved. That model remains useful across devices and helps you verify outcomes with an explorer instead of relying on interface colour or status alone.
Practical check
Keep public verification data separate from sensitive control data: addresses, networks and transaction hashes can be used for checking, while seed phrases, private keys and verification codes should never be sent to another person.
Long-term habits for final transaction review
Security also connects to gas, confirmations, contract addresses, DApp permissions and device security. Keeping a record of public transaction hashes, checking the destination network and reviewing stale connections or approvals after use makes later verification easier and reduces dependence on memory.
When learning about Security, start with what actually changes on-chain rather than memorising where a button sits. For final transaction review, separate the wallet interface, the selected network and the action you personally approved. That model remains useful across devices and helps you verify outcomes with an explorer instead of relying on interface colour or status alone.
final transaction review usually spans three layers: account control on the user’s device, the rules of the selected network, and the state already recorded on-chain. A mismatch can appear as a missing balance, a pending transaction or an unexpected DApp request. Troubleshooting should rely on public information such as a transaction hash, network name and public address, never on a seed phrase or private key.
Practical check
Keep public verification data separate from sensitive control data: addresses, networks and transaction hashes can be used for checking, while seed phrases, private keys and verification codes should never be sent to another person.
Seed phrases and private keys should remain under the user’s control. Official staff should never ask for a seed phrase, private key or verification code. Before a transfer, signature or approval, review the address, network, amount, domain, contract and permission context. On-chain transactions generally cannot be reversed by a wallet on its own.